|
|
Indian sub-continent has always remained vulnerable to natural and man-made disasters which have huge socioeconomic impact on the overall functioning of government machinery and community as a whole. Think of major earthquake and flood situations where people had to suffer huge losses of lives and property. Such cases demand the community to deal with emergency situations during the time of natural calamities and thats where disaster management, preparedness & mitigation come into the picture.
Disaster is defined as a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human material and environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources. Factors like deforestation, population explosion, human induced hazards, cultivation of marginal lands and urban industrial growth etc have resulted into increased cases of natural and man-made disasters. Disasters affect us on several layers such as, domestic, environmental, economic and social levels. India has always remained vulnerable to natural disasters because of its geographical position, climate and geological setting. Disasters are categorized into three major segments of natural disasters, man-made disaster and hybrid disaster. The first category of natural disaster occurs because of some unfortunate natural phenomenon like earthquake, flood, tornado, tsunami, and volcanic eruption etc.
Man-made disasters are caused by humans and their interaction with artificial environment. Examples are gas incidents, nuclear factory accident etc. The last category of hybrid disasters arises from a mixture of natural events and human mistakes. Frequent occurrence of these disasters emphasize the need of disaster Management which is basically a multidisciplinary area covering a wide range of issues such as monitoring, evaluation, search and rescue, relief, reconstruction and rehabilitation. Disaster management seeks participations from all walks of life including scientists, governments, volunteers, corporate world and communities etc.
Disaster management helps in controlling a disaster and its impact. Disaster management works on the several principles such as, efforts of individuals, right use of resources for the day-to-day purposes, nature of the society, synchronization between various organizations and management of large scale events etc. Considering the importance of disaster management, many private and government-run institutes in India have included this subject in the curriculum. The disaster management course programs teach trainees important aspects like management of the situation of emergency, evacuation process, response to the needs of the people and the area, food and medical care for the affected people and other related aspects. To get into disaster management degree, diploma and certificate programs, one must clear 10+ 2 examination.
Institutions in India imparting knowledge in disaster management at different degree, diploma and certificate levels:-
Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi
University of North Bengal, Darjeeling
Sikkim Manipal University of Health, Medical and Technological Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim
International Centre of Madras University, University of Madras, Chennai
Disaster Management Institute, Bhopal
The United Nations Disaster Management Training Programme (DMTP)
Centre for Disaster Management, Maharashtra
The National Civil Defense College, Nagpur
National Institute Of Disaster Management, Delhi
Symbiosis Centre for Distance Learning (SCDL), Pune
Disaster management professionals can find job with government departments, relief agencies, emergency services, international agencies such as the United Nations etc, law enforcement, non-government organizations and local authorities. Disaster management professionals in India can also work as environmental experts, scientists, social workers, medical health experts, rehabilitation workers and engineers etc. In the information technology (IT) sphere, management assigns disaster recovery planning and management works to administrators, database analysts and network administrators etc.
|
|
